16 Introduction cars through V2I technology of data on the situation on the roads and up 2to2date digital road maps, allows in test mode to ensure safe and efficient traffic of autonomous cars. In China, the development of traffic automation is taking place in stages — from the appearance of smart devices built into the car and the installation of automatic car control support systems to part2 ial automation of their movement control, and the new 5G communication standard currently being introduced in China significantly increases the spe2 ed of information exchange in the connected transport system and ensures the operation of unmanned vehicles in real traffic conditions.
The rapid de2 velopment of new communication technologies and unmanned driving in China is becoming not only one of the most important drivers of innovative development of Chinese industry, which generates significant social and economic multiplier effects in the country's economy, but also a competiti2 ve advantage of Chinese companies in the global market of sales of «smart» cars using alternative energy sources. The rapid economic development of China over the past three decades has led to a multiple increase in the consumption of energy resources, pri2 marily oil.
A significant increase in the income of the country's population has stimulated a sharp increase in the production and sales of cars, especial2 ly in large cities of China, and today the leadership of the PRC recognizes that the era of cars with an internal combustion engine is coming to an end. and the «green» development of transport infrastructure is a necessary con2 dition for improving the conditions and quality of life of the population of the country's megacities. These factors caused not only the country's strong dependence on the import of petroleum products, but also aggravated the environmental situation in the megacities of the PRC.
Realizing the global challenges, the Government of the country has developed a program for the development of «green» automotive industry based on energy conservation and new energy. At the beginning of 2020, the outbreak of the coronavirus pandemic had the most negative impact on the global economy. In Western countries, as a result of the decline in business activity, the demand for Chinese goods has sharply decreased, which has led to a reduction in the number of flights of sea carriers providing the vast majority of global transit deliveries, shifts and delays in the schedule of ships.
However, in the third quarter of 2020, follo2 wing China, many countries began to relax quarantine measures and, as the pent2up demand revived, a sharp increase in Chinese exports, global ship2 ping lines were not ready for a large2scale increase in traffic volumes, which provoked a sharp increase in spot rates of sea freight and the emergence of an acute shortage of containers. By the beginning of 2021 against the backg2