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Foreward This Handbook was produced by Yamaha Motor Australia in conjunc- tion with the Stephen Gall ATV Safety Institute. This manual is adapted from the ATV Safety Institute in the United States of America for use with the Australian ATV Rider Course. Government and Industry Accredited Training Stephen Gall’s ATV Safety Institute provides national training to improve the safety of ATV riders through practical training for the sports, rural, government and private industry markets. On successful comple- tion of the ATV rider course, students can receive a nationally recognised ‘Statement of Attainment’ to cover industry WorkSafe requirements.
To become a more skilled ATV rider, contact Stephen Galls ATV Safety Institute on 0755 933340 or email sg_atvsi@bigpond.com. The Australian ATV Rider Course is a hands-on course, with particular emphasis on the safety implications relating to each lesson. The course also covers protective gear, environmental concerns, local laws, and safety techniques. The hands-on training includes pre-ride inspections, starting and stopping, turning (gradual and quick), hills (stopping, turning around, traversing), emergency stopping and swerving, and riding over obstacles. ATVs are fun as well as functional.
They are used in all types of off- highway applications such as farming, military, police and surf patrols, racing, and recreational activities. Being responsible, using common sense and practising important skills are all important ingredients in making ATV riding more rewarding. Your ATV Owners Manual Take the time to carefully read and understand your owner's manual. Paying close attention to the manual could save you from severe or even fatal injury. Read and comply with all the labels on your ATV. These labels address warnings about potential hazards. If you are unsure about something, check your owner's manual or see your Yamaha ATV dealer. 1
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Contents C h a p t e r 1 Introduction to Safety Awareness Safety Alert . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Risk Awareness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 Managing Risk. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3 C h a p t e r 2 Preparing to ride Dressing Like The Pros . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .4 Warming Up. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .6 C h a p t e r 3 Getting Familiar With Your ATV Know Your Controls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Checking Your ATV . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .8 Performing a Pre-ride Inspection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9 C h a p t e r 4 Starting Your ATV Starting Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10 C h a p t e r 5 Let's Start Riding Posture . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Starting Out . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Shifting Gears . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Braking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11 Parking . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.11 C h a p t e r 6 Turning Turning Basics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Sharp Turns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 Quicker Turns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12 C h a p t e r 7 Quick Stops and Swerving Stopping Quickly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 Swerving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13 C h a p t e r 8 Riding Strategies Reading The Terrain . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Choosing Proper Speeds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Utilising SEE, Practising SEE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14 Trail Riding, Riding Different Terrains . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .15 Loading and Towing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.16 Effects of Alcohol, Drugs and Fatigue . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .16 Loading and Unloading Your ATV from another Vehicle . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17 C h a p t e r 9 Riding Over Obstacles One Track Obstacles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 Two Track Obstacles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .18 C h a p t e r 1 0 Riding On Hills Going Up a Hill . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
.19 Getting To The Bottom . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 Traversing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .19 C h a p t e r 1 1 Safe Riding Practices Plan Ahead, Survival Kit & First Aid . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21 Trail Signs, Laws and Regulations, TREAD Lightly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 You and the Rest of the World, Finding Places to Ride . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22 C h a p t e r 1 2 Conclusion . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23 Quiz Answers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .24 2 This manual is also available on the Yamaha website: www.yamaha-motor.com.au
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Introduction to Safety Awareness Chapter 1 So, your are anxious to ride. Before you do, though, be sure you and your ATV are ready. If you are not, or if your ATV isn't checked out, the results can range from embarrassment to severe or even fatal injury. Managing Risk Managing risks means being a good decision maker. A large number of accidents are caused by poor riding decisions. You can learn to organise your thought processes and manage risk by using a thinking strategy to help you. This thinking strategy forms the acronym SEE: Scan, Evaluate, Execute. For your safety, understand and follow all the warnings contained in the Owner's Manual and the labels on your vehicle.
This chapter will introduce you to ideas about safety while operating an ATV. In turn, this introduction will help prepare you to apply the sugges- tions contained in the remaining chapters. SEE is a decision making process that helps you manage risks and enjoy a safe, comfortable ride. Each letter of SEE represents an action for the rider: Activities involving movement and wheels can result in accidents and injuries. However an ATV handles differently from other vehicles including motorcycles and cars. In addition, ATV riding is physically active, anoth- er source of risk. You should be aware of these risks in order to manage them and reduce the possibility of injury.
S Scan/search terrain and environment and identify hazards E Evalute and predict what may happen E Execute your decision based on your skills and your ATV ATV Safety Alert An ATV Safety Alert has been published. The most current Alert has been printed at the end of this manual. Please ensure that you read the "ATV Safety Alert". It contains important safety information. Part of the risk associated with ATV riding may be effectively managed by wearing protective gear, thinking of the consequences of decisions, and applying the SEE strategy. It is up to you to make the choice to ride within personal limits, within the capabilities of the ATV, and within the limits of terrain and environment.
Risk Awareness Knowing the risks and hazards of all-terrain vehicle operation is the first step in developing safe riding behaviour. When you know and understand the hazards of ATV operation you can take steps to avoid them. Some of the hazards can be avoided by using common sense. Riding without a passenger, and not attempting to do stunts, wheelies or jumps are obvi- ous examples of risk reduction. Also, be sure to follow the age and ATV size recommendations for younger riders. This information provides insight into some of the risks associated with ATV operation and ways to manage these risks. These topics will be cov- ered in greater details in later chapters. Chapter 1 - Quiz 1.
Most physically demanding activities require special skills and present certain risks. True False ATV Size Recommended Minimum Age 2. Learning information in the Owner's Manual will help a rider become a more safe and responsible ATV Rider. True False Under 70cc 6 years and older 70-90cc 12 years and older 3. An ATV is not a toy and can be hazardous to operate. True False Over 90cc 16 years and older Some people fail to identify hazardous situations which should be obvious. Swimmers who dive into a shallow pond, the driver who does not slow down in foggy conditions, or the bicyclist who rides against traf- fic are examples. There are some who think accidents only happen to other people.
They behave as if they will never experience the pain and inconvenience of an accident. The ATV rider who knows how to manage risk effectively is putting him or herself at an advantage in ATV riding sit- uations. 4. A child under 12 years old should never operate and ATV with and engine size 70cc or greater. True False 5. An ATV is designed to carry an operator and a passenger. True False 6. Most accidents are preventable. True False The wise ATV rider knows that accidents are not just chance happen- ings. Most accidents can be prevented with proper planning and respon- sible behaviour. Some people see accidents as bad luck or focus on a single cause.
Safety experts recognise that rarely is there only one cause for an accident or mishap. Usually, a combination of circumstances or events lead up to an accident-producing situation. 7. Riding beyond your limits will not cause accidents if you are a good rider. True False 8. Apparel you should wear while riding includes head and eye protec- tion as well as body protection. True False Safe ATV riding can depend on your ability to recognise hazardous rid- ing conditions. How well you are able to read the terrain and environment will play a large part in how safe your ride will be. 9. Managing risks means being a good decision maker.
True False Riding safely requires the rider to take responsibility for his or her own riding abilities, the riding environment, and the capabilities of the ATV. Riding within personal limits may seem to be simple to do, but many injuries are caused by riders going beyond their abilities. You should look at riding as an activity requiring the interaction of three things: personal ability, ATV capabilities, and environmental or terrain conditions. 10.SEE is a method to help organise your thought process. True False Full enjoyment of your ATV requires some of the same kind of precau- tions associated with other sport and recreational activities.
For example, it is important to always wear proper protective gear when operating an ATV, just as you would if you were playing football. For ATV riding, this includes an approved helmet with adequate eye protection, sturdy over the ankle boots, gloves, long sleeve shirt or jack- et and long pants. Depending on the environment in which you ride and your personal skill level, extra body protection may be a wise choice. 3
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Preparing To Ride Chapter 2 Personal safety and comfort are enhanced when you wear protective clothing. Operating without protective clothing increases your chances of severe injury in the event of an accident. Always wear an approved motorcycle helmet that fits properly. ARE NOT ACCEPTABLE for ATV riding. They do not have adequate ener- gy absorption qualities for use while operating a motorised vehicle. As with any helmet, a child’s helmet must fit properly to be effective. Do not use an adult-sized helmet that is too large for a youngster. Helmets are available in Children’s sizes. Check with your ATV dealer.
Although complete protection is not possible, knowing what to wear and how to wear it can make you more comfortable when you ride and reduce the chance of injury in case of a spill. Replacing Your Helmet Plan to replace your helmet if it has been involved in an accident. Some helmet manufacturers will inspect and, when possible, repair a damaged helmet. If your helmet has been dropped, there may be damage that you don’t see; you may want to take advantage of this service. Dressing Like the Pros Helmets The single most important piece of protective gear you can wear is a helmet. A good helmet can help prevent serious head injuries.
Studies have shown that wearing a helmet does not reduce essential vision or hearing. Operating without an approved motorcycle helmet will increase the chance of severe head injury to yourself in the event of an accident. Most helmet manufacturers recommend that, under normal use, you should replace your helmet every two to four years. If you notice any signs of damage before then, replace it immediately. As mentioned above, helmets may crack or break if dropped. What to look for in a Helmet Why replace a helmet every few years if it does not appear damaged? Its protective qualities may deteriorate over time. The interior padding compresses, offering less protection.
The chinstrap may fray or loosen at its attaching points and the shell may be chipped or banged. Probably the best reason, however, is the consistent improvement of design and protective qualities of helmets. Standards and Testing Helmets protect your head in two ways: the outer shell resists pene- tration and abrasion, and the inner liner absorbs shock by slowly col- lapsing under impact. Both the shell and the liner essentially self-destruct by spreading the forces of an impact throughout the helmet material. That is why, in most cases, if a helmet has been damaged in an accident it may be of little protective value in another mishap.
Since 1980, all helmet manufacturers have been required to stamp the month and date of production of the helmet. If you cannot remember when you bought your present helmet, just check the production date. If there is no date at all, you should definitely replace your helmet now. When you purchase a helmet, look for stickers inside or on the outside of the helmet, confirming compliance with the standards: Australian Standards - AS1698. Helmet care Follow the manufacturer’s directions in caring for your helmet. Use only the mildest soap recommended. Each organisation has established procedures to evaluate helmets for: Impact - the shock absorbing capacity of the helmet.
Penetration - The ability of the helmet to withstand a blow from a sharp object. Retention - the ability of the chinstrap to stay fastened without break- ing or stretching. Peripheral Vision - the helmet must provide a minimum side vision of 120 degrees each side. (Most people’s peripheral vision is between 110 and 115 degrees. The Right Helmet for You While colour, design and price may influence your decision about which helmet to buy, protection should be your first consideration. Avoid any petroleum-based cleaning fluids, especially if you own an injection-molded plastic helmet.
Exposure to strong cleaning agents can cause the plastic helmet and its liners to decompose and lose protective value. In Short There are many considerations when deciding which helmet to buy. Talk with you local motorcycle and ATV dealer, and consult ATV enthusi- ast magazines for information to help in you decision. The full-faced helmet provides the most protection since it covers more of your face. Recent design improvements in shell material and interior ventilation have improved comfort. The next choice in protection is the three-quarter helmet.
It does not offer the face and chin protection that full-faced helmets do, so if you choose this style, it should be used with mouth/chin protection. Helmet & Goggles Chest & shoulder protector For a helmet to offer the most protection possible it must fit properly. Your helmet should fit snugly but comfortably and be securely fastened. Always fasten you helmet’s chinstrap snugly. A helmet will do you no good if it comes off during a mishap. Gloves Off road pants Knee guards Full Face Helmet Open Face Helmet The Right Helmet for Youngsters A helmet is also the most important piece of protective gear for chil- dren. Athletic headgear such as hockey, football or skateboard helmets Boots 4
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