SECTION D Fault Diagnosis Fault Possible Cause Low cranking speed 1, 2, 3, 4. Will not start 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20, 22, 31, 32, 33. Lack of power 8,9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, 24, 25, 26, 27,31, 32, 33. Difficult starting 5,7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14,15,16,18,19,20,21,22,24,29, 31, 32, 33. Misfirjng 8, 9, 10, 12, 13, 14, 16, 18, 19, 20, 25, 26, 28, 29, 30, '32. Excessive fuel consumption 11, 13, 14, 16, 18, 19, 20, 22, 23, 24, 25, 27, 28, 29, 31, 32, 33. Black exhaust 11,13,14,16,18, 19,20,22,24,25,27,28,29,31,32,33. Blue/white exhaust 4, 16, 18, 19, 20, 25, 27, 31, 33, 34, 35, 45, 56. Low oil pressure 4, '36, 37, 38, 39, 40, 42, 43, 44, 58.
Knocking 9, 14, 16, 18, 19, 22, 26, 28, 29, 31, 33, 35, 36, 45, 46, 59. Erratic running 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 16, 20, 21, 23, 26, 28, 29, 30, 33, 35, 45, 59. Vibration 13, 14, 20, 23, 25, 26, 29, 30, 33, 45, 47, 48, 49. Overheating 11, 13, 14, 16, 18, 19, 24, 25, 45, 50, 51, 52, 53, 54,57. High oil pressure 4, 38, 41. Excessive crankcase pressure 25, 31, 33, 34, 45, 55, 60. Poor compression 11,19,25,28,29,31,32,33,34,46,59. Starts and stops 10, 11, 12. Key to Fault Finding Chart 1. Battery capacity low. 31. Worn cylinder bores. 2. Bad electrical connections. 32. Pitted valves and seats. 3. Faulty starter motor. 33. Broken, worn or sticking piston ring/so 4.
Incorrect grade of lubricating oil. 34. Worn valve stems and guides. 5. low cranking speed. '35. Overfull air cleaner or use of incorrect grade of 6. Fuel tank empty. oil. 7. Faulty stop control operation. 36. Worn or damaged bearings. 8. Blocked fuel feed pipe. 37. Insufficient oil in sump. 9. Faulty fuel lift pump. 38. Inaccurate gauge. 10. Choked fuel filter. 39. Oil pump worn. 11. Restriction in air cleaner or induction system. 40. Pressure relief valve sticking open. 12. Air in fuel system. 41. Pressure relief valve sticking closed. 13. Faulty fuel injection pump. 42. Broken relief valve spring. 14. Faulty atomisers or incorrect type. 43. Faulty suction pipe. 15.
Incorrect use of cold start equipment. 44. Choked oil filter. 16. Faulty cold starting equipment. 45. Piston seizure/pick up. 17. Broken fuel injection pump drive. 46. Incorrect piston height. 18. Incorrect fuel pump timing. 47. Damaged fan. 19. Incorrect valve timing. 48. Faulty engine mounting (Housing). 20. Poor compression. 49. Incorrectly aligned flywheel housing, or flywheel. 21. Blocked fuel tank vent. 50. Faulty thermostat. 22. Incorrect type or grade of fuel. 51. Restriction in water jacket. 23. Sticking throttle or restricted movement. 52. Loose fan belt. 24. Exhaust pipe restriction. 53. Choked radiator. 25. Cylinder head gasket leaking. 54. Faulty water pump. 26. Overheating. 55.
Choked breather pipe. 27. Cold running. 56. Damaged valve stem oil deflectors (if fitted). 28. Incorrect tappet adjustment. 57. Coolant level too low. 29. Sticking valves. 58. Blocked sump strainer. 30. Incorrect high pressure pipes. 59. Broken valve spring. 60. Defective exhauster/leaking vacuum pipe.