6 SENR9977 Systems Operation Section Each cylinder has a piston cooling jet that is installed in the cylinder block. The piston cooling jet sprays engine oil onto the inner surface of the piston in order to cool the piston. The pistons have a Fastram combustion chamber in the top of the piston in order to provide an efficient mix of fuel and air. The piston pin is off-center in order to reduce the noise level. The pistons have two compression rings and an oil control ring. The groove for the top ring has a hardened insert in order to reduce wear of the ring groove. The skirt has a layer of graphite in order to reduce wear.
The correct piston height is important in order to ensure that the piston does not contact the cylinder head. The correct piston height also ensures the efficient combustion of fuel which is necessary in order to conform to requirements for emissions. g00910750 Illustration 3 The Bosch VP30 fuel injection pump is installed on the engine. The fuel injection pump conforms to current emissions. Both the pump timing and the high idle are preset at the factory. The fuel injection pump is not serviceable. Adjustments to the fuel injection pump timing and high idle should only be made by personnel which have had the correct training.
The fuel injection pump uses the engine ECM to control the engine RPM. A piston and connecting rod are matched to each cylinder. The piston height is controlled by the length of the connecting rod. Six different lengths of connecting rods are available in order to attain the correct piston height. The different lengths of connecting rods are made by machining the small end bearing off-center in order to form an eccentric bearing. The amount of the eccentricity of the bearing creates the different lengths of the connecting rods. The crankshaft has five main bearing journals. End play is controlled by thrust washers which are located on both sides of the center main bearing.
For the specifications of the 1104C electronic engine, refer to the Specifications, “Engine Design”. The timing case is made of aluminum. The timing gears have holes which align with holes in the front flange of the crankshaft and the camshaft in order to ensure the correct assembly of the gears. When the number 1 piston is at the top center position on the compression stroke, a temporary timing pin is inserted through the crankshaft gear and the hole in the front flange of the crankshaft. A second temporary timing pin is inserted through the camshaft gear and the hole in the timing case.
Engine Operation i02242513 Basic Engine Cylinder Block and Cylinder Head The crankshaft gear turns the idler gear which then turns the following gears: The cylinder block for the 1104 engine has four cylinders which are arranged in-line. the camshaft gear The cylinder block for the 1104 engine has five main bearings which support the crankshaft. Thrust washers on both sides of the center main bearing control the end play of the crankshaft. the fuel injection pump a lower idler gear which turns the gear of the lubricating oil pump A cylinder head gasket is used between the engine block and the cylinder head in order to seal combustion gases, water, and oil.
The camshaft and the fuel injection pump run at half the rpm of the crankshaft. The cylinder block has an open top deck. The cylinders are only connected to the cylinder block at the bottom.