MAINTENANCE 18.1.2 FUEL The fuel pump is a precision instrument. If the fuel contains water or dirt, the pump cannot work properly. Be extremely careful not to let impurities get in the system when storing or adding fuel. Always use the fuel specified in the Operation and Maintenance Manual. Fuel may congeal, depending on the temperature when it is used (particularly in low temperatures below -15 to a fuel that matches the temperature. To prevent the moisture in the air from condensing inside the fuel tank, always fill the fuel tank after completing the day's work. Before starting the engine, or when 10 minutes have passed after adding fuel, drain the sediment and water from the fuel tank.
If the engine runs out of fuel, or if the filters have been replaced, it is necessary to bleed the air from the circuit. 18.1.3 COOLANT River water contains large amounts of calcium and other impurities, so if it is used, scale will stick to the engine and radiator. This will prevent proper heat exchange and cause overheating. For specific requirements of the water, see 20.6 COOLANT SPECIFICATIONS on page 3-12. When using anti-freeze, always observe the precautions given in the Operation and Maintenance Manual. An antifreeze concentration greater than 68percent will adversely affect freeze protection and heat transfer rates.
Anti-freeze concentrations between 68percent and 100percent actually have a higher freezing point than a 68percent antifreeze concentration and should not be used due to reduced heat transfer rates. All cooling system inhibitors, including those in antifreeze solutions, become depleted through normal operation. If the inhibitors in antifreeze are allowed to become depleted, the antifreeze becomes corrosive and attacks and coats the metallic surfaces of the cooling system which reduces heat transfer. Cooling system conditioners that contain these inhibitors must be added to maintain corrosion protection. Antifreeze is inflammable, so be extremely careful not to expose it to flame or fire.
The proportion of antifreeze to water differs according to the ambient temperature. For details of the mixing proportions, see 20.6 COOLANT SPECIFICATIONS on page 3-12. If the engine overheats, wait for the engine to cool before adding coolant. A low coolant level will cause overheating. Also the low coolant level allows the air in the system to contact the metal surfaces, accelerating corrosion. 18.1.4 GREASE Grease is used to reduce friction and help prevent wear, twisting and noise at the joints. Grease fittings that were not referred to in the maintenance schedule do not require any scheduled greasing. Add grease to these areas only if something becomes stiff or squeaky.
Always wipe off all of the old grease that is pushed out when greasing. Be particularly careful to wipe off the old grease in places where sand or dirt sticking in the grease would cause wear of the rotating parts. WA450-3MC 3-5