Руководство по диагностике электрических систем автомобиля Toyota (EN)

BODY ELECTRICAL DIAGNOSIS Course 652 Handbook © 2013 Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc. TOYOTA Technical Training All rights reserved. This book may not be reproduced or copied, in whole or in part by any means, without the written permission of Toyota Motor Sales, U.S.A., Inc. Revision Date: October 2, 2013

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Table of Contents 652 Body Electrical Diagnosis Objectives Course Map ........................................................................................... a Final Student Performances .................................................................. c Body Electrical Course Menu .......................................................................................... 3 Diagnosis Section 1: Topics ..................................................................................................... 5 Automotive Electrical Circuits .................................................................

7 Electrical Circuit Theory Load .................................................................................................... 8 Voltage Sources ................................................................................. 9 Other Voltage Sources ..................................................................... 10 Over-current Protection Devices ...................................................... 11 Blade Fuses .................................................................................. 12 Control Devices ................................................................................

13 Conductors ....................................................................................... 14 Connectors ....................................................................................... 15 Circuit Operation ............................................................................... 16 Principles of Electricity .......................................................................... 17 Voltage ............................................................................................. 17 Voltage Measurements .....................................................................

18 Available Voltage .............................................................................. 18 Open Circuit Voltage ........................................................................ 19 Voltage Drop ..................................................................................... 20 Measuring Voltage Drop ............................................................... 21 Understanding Voltage Drops ...................................................... 21 Current .............................................................................................. 26 Measuring Amperage ...................................................................

27 Power ........................................................................................... 28 Resistance ........................................................................................ 29 Measuring Resistance ...................................................................... 30 Basic Circuit Principles ......................................................................... 31 Series Resistance ............................................................................. 31 Parallel Resistance ........................................................................... 32 Series-Parallel Resistance ...............................................................

33 Why Does it Matter? ..................................................................... 33 Ohm’s Law ............................................................................................ 34 Applying Ohm’s Law ......................................................................... 35 General Electrical Rules ................................................................... 36 Series Circuit Principles ........................................................................ 37 Voltage ............................................................................................. 37 Resistance and Current ....................................................................

38 Series Circuit General Rules ............................................................ 38 Current Flow in Series Circuits ......................................................... 39 Parallel Circuit Principles ...................................................................... 43 Voltage ............................................................................................. 44 Backprobing a Connector ............................................................. 45 Technical Training i

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Table of Contents 652 Body Electrical Diagnosis Resistance ........................................................................................ 46 Current ............................................................................................. 47 Parallel Circuit General Rules ......................................................... 47 Section 2: Using the Electrical Wiring Topics ................................................................................................... 49 The Electrical Wiring Diagram .............................................................. 50 EWD Overview .....................................................................................

51 Diagram The Index .......................................................................................... 51 System Circuits Index ....................................................................... 52 “How to Use This Manual” ................................................................ 53 Troubleshooting Section ................................................................... 55 Connector Repair Information ......................................................... 56 Glossary of Terms and Symbols ...................................................... 57 Switch Positions ...............................................................................

58 Tracing Current Flow ........................................................................ 59 Abbreviated Illustrations ................................................................... 60 Gang-type Switches ......................................................................... 61 Relays ............................................................................................... 63 Solid State Relays ............................................................................ 64 Reading the System Circuit Diagram ................................................... 65 System Outline .................................................................................

66 Service Hints .................................................................................... 66 Important Notes ................................................................................ 67 Wire Identification ............................................................................. 68 Painted Wire Harnesses ................................................................... 69 Aluminum Wire Harness .................................................................. 70 Shielding ........................................................................................... 71 Components and Connectors ...............................................................

72 Component Locations ....................................................................... 72 Component Connectors .................................................................... 73 Connector List .................................................................................. 73 Multiple Component Connectors ...................................................... 74 Part Number of Connectors .............................................................. 75 Pin Numbering .................................................................................. 76 Color Coding .....................................................................................

76 Junction Blocks and Relay Blocks ........................................................ 77 Junction Blocks ................................................................................. 77 Junction Block Location .................................................................... 78 J/B Inner Circuit ................................................................................ 79 Relay Blocks ..................................................................................... 80 Junction Connectors, Harness Connectors and Splice Points ............. 81 Junction Connectors .........................................................................

81 Junction Connector Connectors ....................................................... 82 Wire Harness Connectors ................................................................ 84 Harness Connector Identification ..................................................... 85 Splice Points ..................................................................................... 86 ii Technical Training

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Table of Contents 652 Body Electrical Diagnosis Power Source Diagrams ....................................................................... 87 Power Source System Diagram ....................................................... 87 Power Source (Current Flow Chart) ................................................. 88 Ground Points ....................................................................................... 89 Shared Ground Points ...................................................................... 90 Overall Wiring Diagram ........................................................................

91 EWD on TIS – 2005 MY and Earlier ..................................................... 93 Finding System Circuit Diagrams on TIS .......................................... 94 Finding Other Resources .................................................................. 94 TIS Diagrams through the 2005 MY ................................................. 95 Other Diagrams and Lists ................................................................. 96 Toolbar ............................................................................................. 97 Enhanced Toolbar ............................................................................

98 Search Function ............................................................................... 99 TIS EWD Viewer 2006 MY and Later ................................................. 100 Using the “Tree” .............................................................................. 101 Introduction ..................................................................................... 102 System Circuits ............................................................................... 103 Step, Search, Zoom and Reset ...................................................... 104 Identifying Components ..................................................................

105 Compacting the Diagram ................................................................ 106 Tracing Wires ................................................................................. 107 Component Detail ........................................................................... 108 Component Detail Information ........................................................ 109 Select Terminal ............................................................................... 110 Wire Harness Repair Information ................................................... 111 Component Detail for Junction Connectors ....................................

112 Component Detail for Grounds, Fuses, J/Bs and R/Bs .................. 113 Power Source/Network ................................................................... 114 Power Source ............................................................................. 114 Ground Point .............................................................................. 115 Location & Routing Diagrams ......................................................... 116 Splice Point Locations for 2006 MY and Later ........................... 116 Position of Parts .............................................................................

117 Wire and Wire ................................................................................. 118 Location of Ground Points .............................................................. 119 Relay Locations .............................................................................. 120 J/B or R/B Diagram ......................................................................... 121 J/B Inner Circuit .............................................................................. 122 Fuse List ......................................................................................... 123 Connector List ................................................................................

124 Overall EWD ................................................................................... 125 Finding Additional Information ........................................................... 126 Other Sources of Information ........................................................ 130 Technical Training iii

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