Table of Contents 553 Brake Systems Section 9: Anti-Lock Braking Systems (ABS) Section 9 Topics ................................................................................ 121 Basic ABS .......................................................................................... 122 Tire Traction and ABS ....................................................................... 123 Slip Ratio ....................................................................................... 123 Slip Tolerance ................................................................................ 123 ABS System Diagram .........................................................................
124 ABS Components .............................................................................. 125 Speed Sensor .................................................................................... 126 Direction Detection ............................................................................ 127 Actuator – Pressure Control .............................................................. 128 Pedal Brake Hold .............................................................................. 129 Pedal Brake Release ......................................................................... 129 Normal Braking ..................................................................................
130 Holding .......................................................................................... 130 Reduction ...................................................................................... 130 Wheel Speed Control ....................................................................... 131 Section 10: Other Electronically Controlled Systems Section 10 Topics .............................................................................. 133 ABS-Based Systems ......................................................................... 134 Electronic Brake Force Distribution (EBD) ........................................
135 Braking ............................................................................................... 135 Cornering ........................................................................................... 135 Electronic BA Operation .................................................................... 136 Brake Actuator Hydraulic Circuit ....................................................... 137 Traction Control System (TRAC) ....................................................... 138 Brake Application ........................................................................... 138 Engine Output Reduction ...............................................................
138 Indicator ......................................................................................... 138 Vehicle Stability Control (VSC) .......................................................... 139 VSC Operation .............................................................................. 139 Trailer Sway Control ...................................................................... 139 Typical VSC Operation ...................................................................... 140 Yaw Rate and Deceleration Sensor .................................................. 141 Deceleration Sensor Operation .........................................................
142 Piezo .............................................................................................. 142 Yaw Rate Sensor ............................................................................... 143 Steering Angle Sensor ....................................................................... 144 Optical ........................................................................................... 144 MRE ............................................................................................... 144 Vehicle Dynamics Integrated Management (VDIM) .......................... 145 Transmission and Steering ............................................................
145 Specialized Truck and SUV Systems ................................................ 146 Active Traction Control (A-TRAC) ..................................................... 147 Operation ....................................................................................... 147 Notifications ................................................................................... 147 iv Technical Training