5 XF 95 series Inspection of batteries BATTERIES 4. INSPECTION OF BATTERIES 4.1 VISUAL INSPECTION - A white dividing line at 1 / 3 of the plate height (this can be seen through transparent battery boxes) indicates that the battery has been allowed to remain in a seriously discharged condition. - If the electrolyte is brown and the battery consumes a lot of fluid, this indicates that the battery is overcharged. - If the electrolyte is turbid and milky and the cells have a white deposit, the battery has become damaged due to insufficient charging (deep discharge).
4 4.2 INSPECTION OF THE CHARGING CONDITION Relative density - The charging and discharging of the battery leads to a chemical reaction in the battery, which involves sulphuric acid. The sulphuric acid concentration drops as the battery discharges. The concentration, measured as relative density (kg/dm 3 ), is a useful yardstick for determining the charging condition of the battery. - An acidimeter can be used to check the charging condition. Relative density at 27 C in kg/dm 3 Charged battery : 1,28 Half-charged battery : 1,20 Discharged battery : 1,10 - Measurement corrections are necessary if temperatures are significantly lower or higher.
For every 10 C of lower temperature, subtract 0.007 points from the measured value. For each 10 C of higher temperature, 0.007 points must be added. In batteries in good condition, the relative density must be the same in all the cells. The maximum difference between the highest and lowest relative density may not exceed 0.03 kg/dm . 200303 4-1