Chapter 2: Operational Safety the following should be observed and practiced in order to avoid the minimal risks associated with exposure to the AMR. l Do not ride on the AMR. Riding on the AMR or staying in the vicinity of the AMR for long periods (when ON or while charging) will expose you to the magnetic fields gen- erated by the AMR. l When the AMR is turning in place, while not moving forward, personnel must stay away from the AMR. Severity of Injury The severity of injury depends on the type of payload and how the payload is integrated with the AMR. The severity of injury increases with the mass of the payload.
Follow all industrial safety practices, such as use of steel-toe shoes around the AMR, and adding additional pro- tection like side lasers, etc. depending on how the AMR is configured, to reduce any work- related injuries. Obstacle Avoidance The AMR will avoid obstacles unless modified or the safety systems are intentionally defeated. The AMR has a dual-channel, safety-rated laser to avoid obstacles. IMPORTANT: The AMR observes safety navigation laser protection fields only at speeds greater than 300 mm/s (225 mm/s for LD-90, LD-105CT and LD-250 models). Below this speed, the AMR still uses scanner data to detect and avoid obstacles.
LD platforms have either a bumper or a rear sensor that is active at all speeds. The bumper and rear sensor are not safety-rated. IMPORTANT: When the joystick is connected to the AMR, the operator must maintain control of the joystick and AMR at all times. In addition, there are side lasers (standard on the LD Platform Cart Transporter and optional for the LD Platform OEM), bumpers and SONAR on the LD Platform OEM, and rear sensors on the LD-250 that enable the AMR to avoid obstacles and persons. The LD-250, LD Platform OEM and LD Platform Cart Transporter are fully-autonomous AMRs that, once configured, work around people in industrial settings with no intervention needed.
Risks associated with integrating the AMR in the industry can be avoided, with a few basic steps. l Only trained personnel, who understand what the AMR does, should be in the vicinity of the AMR. l Audio and visual alarms are built into the AMR. Do not modify these unless necessary. l Additional safety measures may be implemented as deemed necessary by the integrator after risk assessment is completed. The AMR comes to a complete stop when the bumpers are hit with a force of at least 67 N. Safety System Behavior The standard control system is fully-hardened to all EMI influences. In addition, software mon- itors and controls all dual redundancy safety-rated features for certainty.
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