SERVICE INFORMATION 00-1 STEERING, SUSPENSION, WHEELS AND TIRES SECTION 00 SERVICE INFORMATION Contents TROUBLE SHOOTING......................................... 00-2 Steering System ................................................ 00-2 Front and Rear Suspension............................... 00-6 Wheels............................................................... 00-7 Tires................................................................... 00-7 MAIN DATA AND SPECIFICATIONS ................. 00-10 Front End Alignment........................................ 00-10 Power Steering Unit......................................... 00-10 Power Steering Oil Pump Unit.........................

00-11 Tandem Hydraulic Pump................................. 00-11 Manual Steering Unit....................................... 00-11 SERVICE STANDARD........................................ 00-12 SERVICING ........................................................ 00-14 Steering System .............................................. 00-14 Front and Rear Suspension............................. 00-23 Wheel and Tires .............................................. 00-24 FIXING TORQUE................................................ 00-28 Steering Unit, Pitman Arm and Drag Link........ 00-28 Power Steering Unit.........................................

00-29 Power Steering Pump...................................... 00-30 Power Steering Pump Assembly ..................... 00-31 Tandem Hydraulic Pump................................. 00-32 Manual Steering Unit....................................... 00-33 Steering Linkage (Rigid Suspension) .............. 00-34 Steering Linkage (Wishbone Suspension) ...... 00-35 Steering Column.............................................. 00-36 Front Leaf Spring and Shock Absorber ........... 00-37 Upper, Lower Link, Torsion Bar and Strut Bar (Wish- bone Suspension)............................................ 00-38 Front Stabilizer ................................................

00-39 Rear Leaf Spring and Shock Absorber............ 00-40 Rear Stabilizer................................................. 00-41 SPECIAL TOOLS................................................ 00-42 Steering System .............................................. 00-42 Suspension...................................................... 00-43

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Steering System

00-2 SERVICE INFORMATION TROUBLE SHOOTING Steering System PROBLEM POSSIBLE CAUSE CORRECTION Objectionable “Hiss” Noisy relief valve. There is some noise in all power steering systems. One of the most common is a hissing sound most evident at standstill parking. Hiss is a high frequency noise simi- lar to that experienced while slowly closing a water tap. The noise is present in every valve and results from high velocity fluid passing valve orifice edges. There is no relationship between this noise and perfor- mance of the steering. “Hiss” may be expected when the steering wheel is at end of travel of when slowly turning at stand still.

Do not replace the valve unless “hiss” is extremely objectionable. A replacement valve will also exhibit slight noise and is not always a cure. Rattle or Chuckle Noise in the Steering Gear 1. Gear housing loose on frame. 2. Steering linkage looseness. 3. Pressure house touching other parts of the truck. 4. Loose pitman shaft over center adjust- ment. A slight rattle may occur on turns because of increased clearance off the “high point.” This is normal and clear- ance must not be reduced below speci- fied limits to eliminate this slight rattle. 5. Loose pitman arm. 1. Check gear mounting. Torque the bolts to specifications. 2. Check linkage pivot points for wear. Re- place if necessary. 3.

Adjust the hose position. Do not bend tubing by hand. 4. Adjust. 5. Torque the pitman arm nut. Groan Noise in the Steering Pump 1. Low oil level. 2. Air in the oil. Poor pressure house con- nection. 1. Fill the reservoir to the proper level. 2. Torque the connector. Bleed the system. Rattle or Knock Noise in the Steering Pump Loose pump gear nut. Torque the nut. Rattle Noise in the Steering Pump 1. Vanes not installed properly. 2. Vanes sticking in the rotor slots. 1. Install properly. 2. Repair or replace. Switch Noise in the Steering Pump Defective flow control valve. Replace or repair. Whine Noise in the Steering Pump Pump shaft bearing scored. Replace the housing and shaft.

Flush and bleed the system. Growl Noise in the Steering Pump Excessive back pressure in houses or the steering gear caused by restriction. Locate the restriction and correct. Replace the part if necessary. Growl Noise in the Steering Pump (Par- ticularly Noticeable at Standstill Parking) 1. Scored pressure plates, thrust plate or rotor. 2. Extreme wear of the cam ring. 1. Replace the parts and flush the system. 2. Replace the parts.

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Steering System

SERVICE INFORMATION 00-3 PROBLEM POSSIBLE CAUSE CORRECTION Excessive Play or Looseness in the Steering System (Steering Wanders) 1. Front wheel bearing loosely adjustment. 2. Worn coupling or steering shaft joints. 3. Worn steering linkage ball joints. 4. Worn upper or lower ball joints. 5. Steering wheel loose on the shaft, loose pitman arm, tie rods, steering arms, or steering linkage ball studs. 6. Steering gear worm bearing loosely ad- justed. 7. Excessive pitman shaft to ball nut lash in the steering gear. 8. Toe-in out of adjustment or worn drag link or tie rod sockets. 9. Steering system out of alignment. 10. Tires badly worn, edge of the tires are rounded off. 11.

Lack of lubrication in the linkage and kingpins. 12. Air in the system. 13. Steering gear mounting loose. 1. Adjust the bearing or replace with new parts as necessary. 2. Replace. 3. Replace steering linkage. 4. Replace ball joints. 5. Torque the fastener. 6. Adjust the preload. 7. Adjust the preload. 8. Replace the tie rod ends if worn, adjust to correct the toe-in, and inspect the steer- ing arm and tie rod for bent condition. 9. Align caster, camber, and toe-in. Inspect spring components for condition and wear. Repair or replace as required. 10. Install new tires, and check alignment; abnormal tire wear indicates improper alignment. 11. Lubricate.

Free up any components which are frozen and will not take lubrica- tion. 12. Add oil to the pump reservoir and bleed the system. Check hose connectors for proper torque. 13. Tighten attaching bolts to the specified torque.

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Steering System

00-4 SERVICE INFORMATION PROBLEM POSSIBLE CAUSE CORRECTION Vibration and Shimmy 1. Seal damage and leakage resulting in loss of lubricant, corrosion and exces- sive wear. 2. Tires, wheels, or brake drums out of bal- ance. 3. Bent wheel or out of bound tire. Wheel nuts torqued unevenly. 4. Loose steering linkage components. 5. Worn steering linkage ball joints. 6. Worn upper or lower end ball joints. 7. Wheel loose on the hub. 8. Drive line universal joints rough or defec- tive. This condition may be confused with steering vibration. 9. Engine misses or is out of balance, this may also be confused with steering shimmy. 10. Faulty shock absorbers. 1. Replace damaged parts as necessary. 2.

Balance the tires and wheels, preferably with an on-vehicle type balancer, as this method balances the entire wheel and drum assembly. 3. Replace the wheel and remount the tire, or replace the assembly. 4. Adjust, torque, and repair the linkage as necessary. 5. Replace steering linkage. 6. Replace ball joints. 7. Inspect the wheel bolt holes for damage, and replace the wheel or torque the nuts. 8. Repair the drive line. 9. Correct the miss in the engine, or repair the out of balance condition, clutch, pres- sure plate, or harmonic balancer, etc. 10. Replace the shock absorbers. Hard Steering or Excessive Effort Required at Steer- ing Wheel 1. Low or uneven tire pressure. 2.

Steering linkage kingpins or ball joints need lubrications. 3. Tight or frozen intermediate rod, tie rod or idler socket. 4. Steering gear to column misalignment. 5. Steering gear adjust too tightly. 6. Front wheel alignment incorrect. 7. Steering gear adjusted too tight. 8. Frozen or tight shaft bearings. 9. Lower the U-joint flange rubbing against the adjuster. 10. Tight or binding conditions in steering column. 11. Power cylinder rod nicked or marred. 1. Inflate to specified pressures. 2. Lubricate, and free up kingpins or ball joints. Make certain all fittings take lubri- cant properly. 3. Lubricate or replace as necessary. 4. Align the column. 5. Adjust preload. 6.

Check alignment and correct as neces- sary. 7. Adjust the steering gear. 8. Replace the bearings. 9. Loosen the bolt, assemble and torque properly. 10. Adjust the steering column. 11. Replace the cylinder.

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