Engines For starting below 0°F (–18°C), an optional cold- weather starting assist is recommended. For tem- peratures below (–23°C), consult your Cater- pillar dealer for recommendations. Cummins The two most commonly used terms associated with preparation of equipment for low-temperature operation are "winterization" and "arctic specifications." WARNING Winterization of the engine and/or components so that starting and operating are possible in the lowest tem- perature to be encountered, requires: Do not use any starting aid, such as ether, in en- gines with an intake air preheater. This could cause an explosion and serious personal injury or death.
Proper lubrication with low-temperature lubricat- ing oils. 5. Customer parameters may include cold mode op- eration. When the coolant temperature is below 64°F (18°C), the system puts the engine in cold mode, limiting engine power, advancing timing, and adjusting the low idle to 600 rpm to improve warm-up time. The system will keep the engine in cold mode until coolant temperature rises above 64°F (18°C) or until the engine has been running for 12 minutes. The system will then stop the cold mode and allow the engine to operate normally. Protection from the low-temperature air. The metal temperature does not change, but the rate of heat dissipation is affected.
Fuel of the proper grade for the lowest tempera- ture. Heat to raise the engine block and component temperatures to at least (–32°C) for start- ing in lower temperatures. Electrical equipment capable of operating in the lowest expected temperature. All switches, con- nections, and batteries in the electrical system should be inspected and kept in good condition to prevent losses through poor contacts. 6. Fuel cloud point is the temperature at which wax crystals become visible, which is generally above the pour point of the fuel.
To keep the fuel filter ele- ments from plugging with wax crystals, the cloud point should be no higher than the lowest ambient temperature at which the engine must start. Arctic specifications refer to the design of mate- rial and specifications of components necessary for satisfactory engine operation in extremely low 4.22