Biosphere Abiotic factors are also essential for the existence of the living world which comprises of animals, plants and microorganisms. How are abiotic factors useful to biotic factors? Biosphere is the part of earth where life exists. It extends to soil, atmosphere and water. Discuss and complete the illustration given below suitably. Sunlight (Photosynthesis) Soil (.........................) Air (.........................) Abiotic factors Water (.........................) Illustration 13.1 Sun is the primary source of energy in the living world. Green plants convert light energy to chemical energy through photosynthesis. This energy gets transferred to other organisms through food chain.
Plants that perform photosynthesis are called producers while organisms that depend on plants directly or indirectly for food are called consumers . The consumers that directly depend on plants are called primary consumers. Organisms that feed on primary consumers are called secondary consumers. Organisms that feed on secondary consumers are called tertiary consumers. Ecology Ecology is the study of interaction between organisms and also between the organisms and their surroundings. This branch of study inlcudes different types of ecosystems, interaction between organisms, environment protection etc. You are already familiar with the food web that illustrates food relations in nature.
Observe the illustration of a food web. With the help of the indicators, discuss and write down the inferences. 182 Basic Science VIII