Chapter Two Troubleshooting Every internal combustion engine requires an uninter- rupted supply of fuel, air, ignition and adequate compres- sion. If any of these are lacking, the engine will not run. once, what color smoke (if any) came from the exhaust, etc. After defining the symptoms, test and analyze those ar- eas that could cause the problem(s). Many problems can be analyzed without expensive test equipment. A few simple checks can keep a small problem from turning into a large one. They can also avoid a large repair bill and time lost while the boat sits in a shop's service depart- ment. Troubleshooting is a relatively simple matter if it is done logically.
The first step in any troubleshooting pro- cedure is to define the symptoms as fully as possible and then localize the problem. Subsequent steps involve test- ing and analyzing those areas that could cause the symp- toms. A haphazard approach may eventually solve the problem, but it can be costly in terms of wasted time and unnecessary parts replacement. On the other hand, be realistic and do not attempt re- pairs beyond your abilities or with makeshift tools. Ma- rine service departments also tend to charge heavily for putting together a disassembled engine or other compo- nents that may have been abused. Some shops will not even accept such ajob.
Use common sense and do not get in over your head or attempt a job without the proper tools. Proper lubrication, maintenance and periodic tune-ups as described in Chapter Three will reduce the necessity for troubleshooting. Even with the best care, however, every marine engine is prone to problems that will eventually re- quire troubleshooting. If installing replacement parts, do not use automotive parts. While marine components, such as starters and al- ternators, may appear to be the same as automotive com- ponents, they are not.
Marine components have been designed to withstand the unique requirements of marine When all else fails, go back to basics-simple solutions often solve complex-appearing problems. Never assume anything. Do not overlook the obvious. If the engine suddenly quits when running or refuses to start, check the easiest and most accessible areas first. Make sure there is fuel in the tank and that the wiring is properly connected. Be familiar with the engine compartment and engine components so a quick visual check is possible. Learning to recognize and describe symptoms accurately will make repairs easier.
If a technician is required, saying that it will not run is not the same as saying that it quit at full throttle and would not restart. Identify as many symptoms as possible to aid in diagno- sis. Note whether the engine lost power gradually or all at