14. COLD WEATHER OPERATION 14.1 PRECAUTIONS FOR LOW TEMPERATURE If the temperature becomes low, it becomes difficult to start the engine, and the coolant may freeze, so do as follows. 14.1.1 FUEL AND LUBRICANTS Change to fuel and oil with low viscosity for all components. For details of the specified viscosity, see 20. “USE OF FUEL, COOLANT AND LUBRICANTS ACCORDING TO AMBIENT TEMPERATURE”. 14.1.2 COOLANT A WARNING Keep antifreeze fluid away trom an open tiame. Never smoke when using antifreeze. NOTICE e Never use methanol, ethanol or propanol based antifreeze.
e Absolutely avoid using any water leak preventing agent irrespective of whether it is used independently or mixed with an antifreeze. ¢ Do not mix one antifreeze with a different brand. For details of the antifreeze mixture when changing the coolant, see “24.2 WHEN REQUIRED’. Use a Permanent Antifreeze (ethylene glycol mixed with corrosion inhibitor, antifoam agent, etc.) meeting the standard requirements as shown below. With permanent antifreeze, no change of coolant is required for a year. If it is doubtful that an available antifreeze meets the standard requirements, ask the supplier of that antifreeze for information. Standard reguirements for permanent antifreeze © SAE oui.
eeeeeceseeccccereesscseesesseceeseusonsnanesensecceaacecascnseeeceesensereneesceseneees J1034 e FEDERAL STANDARD...........cccseeesseesececeesesessncecersesessceeeeees O-A-548D REMARK Where no permanent antifreeze is available, an ethylene glycol antifreeze without corrosion inhibitor may be used only for the cold season. In this case, clean the cooling system twice a year (in spring and autumn). When refilling the cooling system, add antifreeze in autumn, but do not add any in spring. 14.1.3 BATTERY AY WARNING ¢ To avoid gas explosions, do not bring fire or sparks near the battery. e Battery electrolyte is dangerous.
If it gets in your eyes or on your skin, wash it off with large amounts of water, and consult a doctor. When the ambient temperature drops, the capacity of the battery will also drop. If the battery charge ratio is low, the battery electrolyte may freeze. Maintain the battery charge as close as possible to 100%, and insulate it against cold temperature so that the machine can be started easily the next morning. REMARK Measure the specific gravity and calculate the rate of charge from the following conversion table. PC160/180/200-6k-ENG Temp.
of fluid 20°C 0°C -10° -20° Rate of charge (68°F) (32°F) (14°F) (-4°F) 100% 90% 80% 15% 1,28 1,26 1,24 1,23 1,29 1,27 1,25 1,24 1,30 1,28 1,26 1,25 1,31 1,29 1,27 1,26 2-85