MAINTENANCE REMARK Below -12 the fuel filters. For best results use Grade No. 1-D diesel fuel in cold weather. For normal service above -10 number of 40 is recommended. The use of No. 2-D diesel fuel will result in optimum engine performance under most operating conditions. Fuels with Cetane numbers higher than 40 may be needed in high altitudes or extremely low ambient temperatures to prevent misfires and excessive smoke. At operating temperatures below -10 The use of lighter fuels can reduce fuel economy. Where a winterized blend of Grade No. 2-D and No. 1-D fuels is available, it may be substituted for Grade No. 1-D fuel.
However, it is the supplier's responsibility to provide the fuel for the anticipated ambient temperature. Use a low sulfur content fuel having a cloud point that is at least 10 degrees below the lowest expected fuel temperature. Cloud point is the temperature at which crystals begin to form in the fuel. The viscosity of the fuel must be kept above 1.3 cSt to provide adequate fuel system lubrication. Optionally, the equivalent grades of recognized Federal Government specifications may be used; the latest revisions of VV-F-800a. 20.6 COOLANT SPECIFICATIONS 20.6.1 GENERAL Selection and maintenance of the engine coolant is important to long engine life.
The following information provides recommendations for selecting engine coolant and maintaining supplemental coolant additives (SCA). Heavy duty diesel engines require a balanced coolant mixture of water, antifreeze, and supplemental coolant additives. Supplemental coolant additive recommendations are included in the section entitled 20.6.3 on page 3-16. The coolant mixture must be drained and replaced at the specified service interval shown in 23.1 on page 3-26 , or every two years of operation, whichever comes first. 20.6.2 WATER Use water which has a low mineral content. Water used in conjunction with antifreeze, coolant filters and inhibited water must meet the following standards:
Total Hardness - Not to exceed 170 parts per million (10 grains/gallon maximum) to prevent scale deposits. Water containing dissolved magnesium and calcium (the usual reason for water hardness) above the specified amount will cause scale deposits to develop in the engine. Chlorides - Not to exceed 40 parts per million (2.5 grains/gallon maximum) to prevent corrosion. Sulfites - Not to exceed 100 parts per million (5.8 grains/gallon maximum) to prevent corrosion. Dissolved Solids - Not to exceed 340 parts per million (20 grains/gallon maximum) to minimize sludge deposits, scale deposits, corrosion or a combination of these.
If any of the above requirements cannot be met, use distilled, de-ionized, or de-mineralized water. To determine if local water supplies meet these standards, water samples can be tested by water treatment laboratories. Softened water that is prepared using common salt (sodium chloride) contains excessive amounts of chlorides and should not be used. NOTE: Never use water alone in the cooling system because rust, scale deposits and corrosion will occur. 3-14 WA320-3MC