Downloaded from https://www.everyspec.com NOTE: MIL-STD-2031 has been redesignated as a Test Method Standard. The cover page has been changed for Administrative reasons. There are no other changes to this Document. INCH-POUND MIL-STD-2031 26 February 1991 DEPARTMENT OF DEFENSE TEST METHOD STANDARD FIRE AND TOXICITY TEST METHODS AND QUALIFICATION PROCEDURE FOR COMPOSITE MATERIAL SYSTEMS USED IN HULL, MACHINERY, AND STRUCTURAL APPLICATIONS INSIDE NAVAL SUBMARINES AMSC N/A AREA CMPS DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A. Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
59 pp.
MIL-STD-2031 — Fire and Toxicity Test Methods for Composite Material Systems (1991)
Document text
Downloaded from https://www.everyspec.com MI L-STD-2031 (SH) IWREWC)RI) . 1. This military standard is of the Navy, and is available Defense. approved for use by the Nawl Sea Systems Command, Department for usc by all Departments and Agcncics of the Department of 2. Beneficial comments (recommendations, additions, deletions) and any pertinent data which may be of use in improving this document should be addressed to: Commander, Naval Sea Systems Command, SEA 55Z3, Department of the Navy, Washington, DC 20362-5101 by using the sclf- addressed Standardization Document Improvement Proposal (DD Form 1426) appearing at the end of this document or by letter. 3.
This standard establishes the fire and toxicity test methods, requirements, and the qualification procedure for composite materials and composite material systems to allow their use inside Naval submarines. This standard is needed to evaluate composite material systems not previously used for these applications. A ‘composite material system n is considered to be the basic composite material and any supplemental coating applied for enhancing fire resistance, abrasion r=istan~, or c!eeorative purposes, etc. Gmposite material systems can offer significant weight and signature reduction advantriges as well as desireable electromagnetic and chemical resistance characteristics.
Fke limits for these materials will be invoked to make certain that these materials are not a primary fire source, are slow to ignite, can be extinguished using normal submarine fire fighting ruponae to subdue a fire under anticipated operating conditions ad that ‘to%kity efftxts can & tolerated. It is important that design engineem, in”addition to seleeting matm.als for their physioal and meehaniczd properties, ensure that the pottid ‘fii ItnM’IIx!@@t!y’~ ‘es of ihe composite material system are fit for the intended use in the closed environment of the naval submarine. 4. No single test method is adequate to evaluate the fire hazard of a particular composite material system.
The behavior of a given material system in a fire is dependent not only on the properties of the fuel, but also on the fire environment to which the material system may be exposed. ‘These standardized test methods for flttmmability and toxicity charaetet-ides cover the spectrum from small scale tests through intermediate sede to large scale tests in order to better understand the fire hazard posed by the mmposite material system. Results from all of the teats may be rquired by the Naval Sea Systems Command to ensure the fitness of composite material systems for use in submarines at sea.
It is anticipated that the test methods and qualification procedure standardized in this document will prove more appropriate to end item application contractors than to composite material manufacturers. 5. In addition to the tests cited in this standard, there are limitations for the components which are off.gassd during normal operations. Currently, all requests for material certification for this requirement must be Command, Gas Processing sent by letter to the Department of the Navy, Naval Sea Systems and Cryogenics Branch, Washington, D.C. 20362-5101. i
Downloaded from https://www.everyspec.com . . MIL-STD-2031(SH) Pumgraph CONTENTS Page 1. 1.1 1.2 1.3 SCOPE . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...1 Purpose . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...1 Applica[iun . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...1 Limitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...1 2. 2.1 2.2 APPLICABLE DOCUMENTS.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...1 Non-Government publications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . . .
. . . ...1 Order ofpreeeden~ .,..... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...2 3. 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 3.14 3.15 3.16 3.17 3.18 3.19 3.20 DEFINITIONS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...2 Application . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...2 Bum-through fire test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . -.......2 Combustion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...2 C.ombustion gas generation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...2 Composite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...-....2 Composite material system... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...2 CerLificalion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...3 Flame spread index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...3 Heat release rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...3 Ignitability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...3 Ignition . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..-- . . . . . . .
..4...-*3 Large scale open environment tire test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..3 Larpjeuxtlepresauriaabk fite-t . . . . . . . . . . L . . . . . . . . b ..’. . . . . . . . . 3 Oxygen index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...3 Oxygen-temperature index profile . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...3 Qualification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...3 Quarter-seale firet=t . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...4 Smoke . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
...4 Smoke obscuration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...4 Toxicity performance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...-...4 4. 4.1 4.2 4.2.1 4.2.2 4.2.3 GENERAL REQUIREMENTS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ..- . ..4 Fire characteristics and test methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...4 Qualification . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...4 Requirement . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...4 Procedures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . ...6 Data package . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...6 4.2.4 Certification for use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...6 ii.
1 . ... ,,. ., ., Downloaded from https://www.everyspec.com MIL-STD-2031 (W) l’m-qy-aph l-%ge 5-. DE”rAILED I?EQUII EN”~S . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1 Tcslrespc>nsit> ilit y . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.1 Specimcn rcquircmcnts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.3 Retest requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5.4 Test facilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6 6 6 7 7 7 7 7 7 8 6. NOTES . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .. . . 6.1 Intended use . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.2 Implementation guidance . ..- . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.3 Consideration of data rcquircmcnts . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6.4 Subject terrn(key word) listing. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Appendix A. B. c. Standard operating procedure for oxygen-temperature index profile . . . . . . . . . . (DTRC)burn-through fire test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
Determination of the flashover potential of a lining material using a 9 14 D. E F. G. auarter-scale room fire test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20 Large scale open environment fire test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...22 Large scale pressurizrible fire test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...26 N-Gas model smoke toxicityscreening test . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...31 Test report technical con(ent requirements . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48 Figures 1. Test stand assembly . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .
. ...15 2. Sample mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...17 3. Thermocouple locations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...18 4. Pressurizable vessel dimensions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...27 5. Combustion furnace . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...33 6. Furnace mounted on chamber. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...34 7. Exoosure chamber design . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...35 8. G& sampling flow . ..-. 9. Animal restrainer design 10.
himal Restrainer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 38 . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39 Tables I. Fire charactcnsties and tests...,.. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 4 11. lnterlaboratory evaluation ofdouglm fir . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . ...42 iii