Battery Management System Controls 93 ĞŶƚƌĂůŝnjĞĚD^ Ğ D^ D^ ĞŶƚƌĂůŝnjĞĚD^ Ŷ ƚ ƌ Ă ůŝ ůŝ nj Ě ĞĚ Figure 1 Centralized battery management system (BMS). ŝƐƚƌŝďƵƚĞĚD^ ;DĂƐƚĞƌŽŶƚƌŽůůĞƌͿ Ϳ ŝƐƚƌŝďƵƚĞĚD^ ;DĂƐƚĞƌŽŶƚƌŽůůĞƌͿ ŝ Ɛ ƚ ƌ ŝďƵ ƚ Ğ Ě D ^ Ɛƚ Ğ ƌ Ž Ŷ ƚ ƌ Ž ůů Ğƌ ĂƩĞƌLJ DŽĚƵůĞϭ ĂƩĞƌLJ DŽĚƵůĞϮ ĂƩĞƌLJ DŽĚƵůĞϯ ĂƩĞƌLJ DŽĚƵůĞŶ 㼿㼿㼿㼿㼿㼿㼿㼿㼿㼿� Figure 2 Distributed BMS. There are several variations of these BMS system architecture and the final design will be determined by how the system is going to be used. BMS Hardware The BMS hardware board(s) are a critical part of the design process.
It typically includes one or more PCB(s) that integrates all of the components that make up the controller board, including CAN, LIN, or other communications components, capacitors, resistors, current sensors ( Figure 3 ), and most importantly the application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC) ( Figure 4 ), all mounted onto a nonconductive substrate and connected with embedded con- ductive copper that is etched from copper sheets and then laminated onto the boards. The slave boards may go by one of many different names, in fact depending on the designer.
There are a wide variation in naming conventions, including voltage–temperature monitoring ĂƩĞƌLJ ĂƩĞƌLJ ĂƩĞƌLJ ĂƩĞƌLJ ͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘͘ DŽĚƵůĞϭ DŽĚƵůĞϮ DŽĚƵůĞϯ DŽĚƵůĞŶ ĂƩĞƌLJ DŽĚƵůĞϭ ĂƩĞƌLJ DŽĚƵůĞŶ ^ůĂǀĞŽĂƌĚ ^ůĂǀĞŽĂƌĚ ^ůĂǀĞŽĂƌĚ ^ůĂǀĞŽĂƌĚ ^ůĂǀĞŽĂƌĚ ^ůĂǀĞŽĂƌĚ