Phoenix ICRI Manual (EN)

International Coral Reef Initiative www.icriforum.org International Coral Reef Initiative (ICRI) Member’s Report | 38 th General Meeting 9 th – 13 th September 2024 Jeddah, – Kingdom of Saudi Arabia Reporting Period: 2023 & 2024 A. Member Information: Name of ICRI member: Indonesia Name of person(s) completing member’s report: Dr. Hendra Yusran Siry Position/Title: Senior Adviser to Minister on Ecology and Marine Resources Affairs, Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Email: hendrasiry@gmail.com , hendra.siry@kkp.go.id Are you a designated ICRI Focal Point: x Yes No o If no, please indicate who you are completing the form on behalf of: Which was the last General Meeting you attended:

35th General Meeting Will you be attending the 38 th ICRI General Meeting in Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia: x Yes No Member social media: o Twitter/X: @ o LinkedIn:

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International Coral Reef Initiative www.icriforum.org B. Reporting on the implementation of the ICRI Plan of Action 2021-2024: turning the tide for coral reefs. Your responses will help inform the Secretariat about members’ contributions toward the current Plan of Action. You can download the ICRI Plan of Action here: https://icriforum.org/documents/plan-of-action-2021-2024/ What are the main contributions you, as an ICRI member, have made to the ICRI Plan of Action? Theme 1 - Preparing for the Future: Promoting Resilient Coral Reefs Theme 2 - Coral Reef Science and Oceanography: Advancing and Utilizing the Latest Science and Technology Theme 3 - Local Threat Reduction:

Integrating Response Planning Frameworks Theme 4 - Diversity and Inclusion: Expanding the Coral Reef Community Answer: Indonesia has 2.5 million hectares of coral reefs with 569 species, 83 genera and 4 endemic species. Indonesia contribute to implementing the four themes of the ICRI Plan of Action 2021- 2024 which include:

protecting coral reef ecosystems through establishing Marine Protected Area (MPA); rehabilitation of coral reef ecosystems and their associated biota; establishing conservation cooperation with various stakeholders ranging from local, national and international NGOs, universities, local governments, and regional cooperation (CTI - CFF and ICRI); conducting surveys and monitoring the condition of coral reefs; and increasing community capacity in the conservation of coral reef ecosystems.

With regards to protecting the coral reefs, the Indonesian Government through the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries aims to expand and effectively manage marine protected area to cover up to 30% of its marine area until 2045. 30% of MPA is estimated to protect around 1,2 million hectares of coral reefs ecosystem or almost 50% of coral reefs in Indonesia. This ambition will be guided by scientific findings which will protect not only coral reef sites that provide larval and species supply but as well as coral reefs that resilient to climate disturbance, thus ensuring ecological connectivity and provide a natural solution to face climate impacts.

Additionally, currently Indonesia has established more than 29.2 million hectares of marine protected area. Aside from protecting the pristine coral reef ecosystem, Indonesia also focuses on efforts to restore degraded coral reef ecosystems through the Indonesia Coral Reef Garden (ICRG) and Coral Stock Centre (CSC). ICRG as a collective effort that aims to restore degraded coral reef ecosystems. ICRG is carried out in several locations in Bali Province, a hot spot for marine tourism, such as Nusa Dua, Serangan, Sanur, Pandawa Beach, and Buleleng.

This program is implemented by the local communities that are dependent on coral reef tourism, which aims to provide economic relief during the COVID-19 pandemic as well as efforts to restore coral reefs. The ICRG is expected to support the recovery of the national economy through the tourism and environmental conservation sectors. While CSC is a centre for breeding and

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International Coral Reef Initiative www.icriforum.org conservation of coral reefs established by the MMAF. CSC aims to provide coral reef seedlings for rehabilitation activities, as well as educational and tourist attractions. CSC has been built in several locations in Indonesia, Pinang River-Kab Regency of South-West Sumatra; Maratua Island - East Kalimantan; Bokori Island - Southeast Sulawesi; Sekotong Island - West Nusa Tenggara; Ketapang Beach - Banten; Malaumkarta Island - Southwest Papua; Malalayang Beach, North Sulawesi. All the above implementations are in line with the current MMAF Blue Economy Roadmaps for 2045.

The MMAF Blue Economy Roadmaps focus on making the ecology a priority, and seeks balance between economic development and ecological aspects. The roadmap consists of five priority programs: 1. Expanding 30% of marine protected areas, 2. Sustainable fisheries management based on quotas, 3. Sustainable development of marine, coastal, and inland water aquaculture, 4. Supervision and control of coastal areas and small islands, and 5. Managing marine plastic waste through fishers involvement, known as Love the Sea Month (Bulan Cinta Laut in Bahasa Indonesia) . (ICRI) What are your upcoming priorities for coral reefs? Answer:

Indonesia through the Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries stated that the policy of managing Indonesia's water conservation areas is for the development of conservation areas for the protection of existing marine habitats and biodiversity, and ensuring effective management by the sustainable use of conservation areas for communities, especially coastal communities. The use includes sustainable fisheries, ecotourism, and other environmental services in addition for the development of marine and fisheries research. The government targets conservation areas for Indonesia's 32.5 million ha waters by 2030.

This target is in line with the achievement of the global Aichi Target 11 which is to protect 10% of the sea and coast, and as a form of government commitment to the Sustainable Development Goal (SDGs 14). Indonesia is formulating the National Plan of Action (NPOA) for Coral Reef Conservation for the period 2025-2029. The targets of the NPOA include: 1. Availability of national coral potential data and information including strengthened data and information as a reference to anticipate the spread of coral bleaching 2. Availability of sustainable community-based coral management models 3. Increasing understanding and participation of stakeholders in potential coral areas 4.

Implementation of supervision and law enforcement related to coral In addition, this NPOA is a continuation of NPOA Coral Reef Conservation 2020–2024. C. Reporting on the Restoration of Coral Reefs (Target 2 GBF/Action Point 3 Coral Reef Breakthrough)

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International Coral Reef Initiative www.icriforum.org (ICRI) Are you able to estimate the total area (km 2 ) of coral reef under active restoration and the total area you consider to be ‘restored’, as a result of your organisation/country’s in 2023? (ICRI) If available, please provide further information on the total area considered to be restored, and under active restoration for the total period of the restoration programme, including the timeframe: Answer: MMAF Indonesia is currently conducting coral reef restoration through two means: the Coral Stock Centre (CSC) and the Indonesia Coral Reef Garden (ICRG). Details estimation of coral restoration area on both CSC and ICRG are as follows:

CSC 1. Elak-Elak Beach, Bali : 1 hectare 2. Bokori Island : 2.84 hectares 3. Maratua Island : 1 hectare 4. Lancang Island : 0.18 hectares 5. Payung Island : 0.11 hectares 6. Ketapang Beach : 0.079 hectares 7. Sungai Pinang : 5.03 hectares 8. Pusong Island : 2.65 hectares 9. Malaumkarta Island : 5 hectares ICRG 1. Bali's waters : 23 hectares Other active restoration sites by the private sector: 1. Tobok Batang - Bontang by Pupuk Kalimantan Timur : 5 hectares (ICRI) For the purpose of the above, please provide definitions for how your programme/organisation/country considers coral reefs to be: o A) Under active restoration o B) Restored Answer: Under active Restoration:

Active coral reef restoration involves direct intervention to accelerate the recovery of damaged coral reefs. Active methods provide a direct impetus to expedite the restoration process of degraded coral reefs to enhance coral health, abundance, or biodiversity. Active methods are often employed to mitigate coral reef degradation and facilitate the expedited recovery or improvement of coral conditions. The following are some active restoration practices that can be implemented: o Total area under active restoration in 2023: 45 ha o Total area considered to be restored in 2023: ha

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